The article examines the legal aspects of regulating precarious employment in the context of the developing digital economy. The key risks and socio-economic consequences of unstable forms of labor relations that are becoming increasingly widespread in modern conditions are analyzed. Special attention is paid to legal mechanisms for protecting civil rights of precariously employed workers, adjusting labor legislation, social insurance, and collective representation. Ways to improve the Russian regulatory framework are proposed, taking into account international experience in regulating non-standard employment in the digital environment.